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Mountain railway Totally Explained
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Everything about Mountain Railway totally explainedA mountain railway is a railway that ascends and descends a mountain slope that has a steep grade. Such railways can use a number of different technologies to overcome the steepness of the grade. Mountain railways commonly have a narrow gauge to allow for tight curves in the track and reduce tunnel size and structure gauge, and hence construction cost and effort.
On steep grades the friction between the wheels and the rails can't apply sufficient adhesion to the train's wheels so as to overcome gravity, and the train is in danger of sliding down the track. In practice this affects downhill braking capability before it affects uphill climbing ability, and some mountain railways at the lower end of the steepness spectrum rely on standard adhesion for propulsion, but use special track brakes acting directly on the rails.
Where the line is too steep to rely on adhesion for climbing, a rack railway may be used, in which a toothed cog wheel engages with a toothed rack rail laid between the tracks. A now little used alternative to the rack and pinion railway is the Fell system, in which traction and/or braking wheel are applied to a central rail under pressure.
Finally at the steepest end of the spectrum, a funicular railway may be used. Here a cable is used to haul counterbalanced trains up and down the track. The car itself is often custom built for the slope, with specially raked seating and steps rather than a sloped floor. Taken to its logical conclusion as the slope becomes vertical, a funicular becomes an elevator (British English: lift).
List of mountain railways
See also list of cog and rack railways
Argentina
Australia
Glenreagh Mountain Railway
Mt Morgan Rack Railway - deviated 1955.
Skitube Alpine Railway
West Coast Wilderness Railway
Austria
Mariazellerbahn
Pöstlingbergbahn Beschreibung durch den Betreiber, Linz AG Linien
Schafbergbahn
Schneebergbahn
Ferrocarril de Arica a La Paz, Arica–La Paz
Brazil
Corcovado Rack Railway
São Paulo Railway
Canada
BC Rail, crosses the Pacific Coast Range of the Coast Mountains (Garibaldi & Lillooet Ranges)
Chile
Ferrocarill Arica La Paz, Arica–La Paz
Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia
El Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes - Mendoza, Los Andes - Mendoza. The rebuild will be adhesion only (External Link ).
China
Hong Kong Peak Tram
Qingzang railway
Colombian Railways
France
Ligne de Saint Gervais-Vallorcine,,
Mont Blanc Tramway
Montenvers Railway
Germany
Berchtesgaden Mountain Railway
Drachenfels Railway
Harzer Schmalspurbahnen
Murgtalbahn,
Wendelstein Railway
Zugspitze Railway
Greece
Diakofto Kalavrita Railway
India
Nilgiri Mountain Railway
Kalka-Shimla Railway
Matheran Hill Railway
Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
Isle of Man
Snaefell Mountain Railway
Italy
Superga Rack Railway
Japan
Hakone Tozan Railway
Ikawa Line, Oigawa Railway
New Zealand
Rimutaka Incline Commenced operation in 1878 and ceased operation in 1955.
Norway
Flåmsbana
Peru
Empresa nacional de ferrocarriles del Peru
Ferrocarril Central Andino, (Standard gauge)
Ferrocarril Huancayo - Huancavelica, Huancayo - Huancavelica (narrow gauge, 36 in or 914 mm)
Ferrocarril del sur de Peru Arequipa - Puno, (Standard gauge)
Cusco - Machu Picchu, Cusco - Machu Picchu, (36 in or 914 mm gauge)
Spain
Montserrat Rack Railway
Vall de Núria Rack Railway
Switzerland
Appenzeller Bahnen,
Bergbahn Lauterbrunnen-Mürren
Bergbahn Rheineck-Walzenhausen,
Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon railway
Berner Oberland Bahn
Brienz Rothorn Bahn
Chemin de fer Aigle-Leysin,,,
Chemin de fer Aigle-Ollon-Monthey-Champéry,,
Chemin de fer Aigle-Sépey-Diablerets,,
Chemin de fer Bex-Villars-Bretaye,,
Chemins de fer Electriques Veveysans,
Chemin de Fer de Martigny au Châtelard,,
Chemin de fer Martigny-Orsières,
Chemin de fer Montreux-Glion-Rochers-de-Naye
Chemin de fer Nyon-St-Cergue-Morez
Emmental-Burgdorf-Thun-Bahn,
Gornergratbahn
Gotthardbahn
Jungfraubahn
Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn (formerly Brig-Visp-Zermatt-Bahn, Furka-Oberalp-Bahn)
Monte Generoso Railway
Montreux-Oberland-Bahn
Pilatus Railway
Rhaetian Railway
Rigi-Bahnen (Arth-Rigi-Bahn, Vitznau-Rigi-Bahn)
Rorschach-Heiden-Bahn
Schynige Platte Railway
Trogenerbahn,
Uetlibergbahn,
Wädenswil-Einsiedeln-Bahn,
Wengernalpbahn
Waldenburgerbahn(External Link )
Zentralbahn (former Luzern-Stans-Engelberg-Bahn, Brünigbahn)
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